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Rudolphus Franciscus Marie "Ruud" Lubbers (; born 7 May 1939) is a retired Dutch politician of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA). He served as Prime Minister of the Netherlands from 4 November 1982 until 22 August 1994. Lubbers a businessman and economist by occupation, worked for the Hollandia Corporate as a corporate director from 1963 until 1973. After the Dutch general election of 1972 Lubbers was asked by the Catholic People's Party (KVP) to become Minister of Economic Affairs in the Cabinet Den Uyl under Prime Minister Joop den Uyl of the Labour Party. Lubbers accepted and took office as the new Minister of Economic Affairs on 11 May 1973. After the Dutch general election of 1977 he was elected as Member of the House of Representatives serving from 8 June 1977 until 8 September 1977 and again from 22 December 1977 until 4 November 1982. On 7 November 1978 Willem Aantjes the Parliamentary leader of the Christian Democratic Appeal in the House of Representatives resigned and Lubbers was selected to succeed him serving from 7 November 1978 until 10 June 1981 and again from 24 Augustus 1981 until 4 November 1982. After the Dutch general election of 1982 Prime Minister Dries van Agt unexpectedly announced his retirement from national politics and stood down as Leader of the Christian Democratic Appeal on 13 October 1982 Lubbers was selected to succeed him. A cabinet formation with the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) was formed that resulted in the formation of the Cabinet Lubbers I with Lubbers becoming Prime Minister of the Netherlands taking office on 4 November 1982. With the following Dutch general election of 1986 Lubbers as Lijsttrekker (top candidate) won nine seats and the coalition retained its majority and a cabinet formation resulted in a continuation of the policies with the Cabinet Lubbers II. For the Dutch general election of 1989 Lubbers as again Lijsttrekker won the same amount of seats as the previous election and a coalition formation with the Labour Party (PvdA) was formed that resulted in the Cabinet Lubbers III. On 29 January 1994 Lubbers resigned as Leader of the Christian Democratic Appeal and announced his retirement from national politics. Lubbers remained Prime Minister of the Netherlands until the Cabinet Kok I was installed on 22 August 1994. After his premiership, Lubbers semi-retired from active politics and became a visiting professor at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University and the Tilburg University from 1995 until 2001. Lubbers served as the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees from 1 January 2001 until 20 February 2005 and finally retiring from active politics at the age of sixty-five. Following the end of his active political career, Lubbers occupied numerous seats on supervisory boards on international non-governmental organizations (World Wide Fund for Nature, Earth Charter Initiative, Club of Rome, Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands). Lubbers is known for his abilities as a team leader, consensus builder and a "policy wonk". During his premiership, his cabinets were responsible for rebuilding the Dutch Economy after the recession in the 1980s, stimulating sustainable development, reforming social security and reducing the deficit. He holds the distinction of being both the longest-tenured and the youngest serving Prime Minister of the Netherlands. Lubbers continues to comment on political affairs as an statesman. On 31 January 1995, he was granted the honorary title of Minister of State. ==Biography== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ruud Lubbers」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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